Unforgettable days Ceramic Art Exhibition-2011.05.20
Recently, the Beijing Palace Museum collection of Ming and Qing Dehua porcelain boutique 25, across thousands of miles, returned to his hometown for the first time - Dehua porcelain. Had "kept in the palace of David, and finally for the first time in her family to show their style, the 2nd to the 15th of this month exhibition in Dehua Museum free. The appearance of a national treasure by the people's attention, evoke historical memory Dehua porcelain. National Palace Museum in
are now stored in Dehua porcelain kiln over 700 (of which 54 belong to the Qing collection), of which more than 200 pieces of Ming Dynasty Dehua kiln porcelain, called the Palace Museum One of the highlights of the local kilns of the Ming Dynasty porcelain. Of the exhibition, 25 Dehua porcelain involving Ming and Qing Dehua kiln Cisu, the shape, varieties have white glaze, blue and white, colorful, Fencai Ci Qing collection 5, the most wins eye than two Guanyin by Ming He Zhaozong the hand.
as the poet Shu Ting said: "fingers, from Chaozong, falling drop Chang Yuan-chi water, through thousands of years, is still warm.
Chaozong paragraph GUANYIN originally designed for the Empress Dowager Buddha plump cheeks,
pick eyebrows, eyes Weibi straight nose, Yingtaoxiaokou. Thick hair into a pony petal-shaped. Hood over their heads long clothing, chest wearing wishful accessories, left hand holding a Ruyi on the arm, right hand drooping naturally resting on the right leg knee ...... In
had, the respect for in the CI Ninggong apse "temple" the white glaze Chaozong paragraph GUANYIN Today, in front of the hometown people, the Goddess of hanging head, kindly overlooking beings. Jade-like luster texture, attracting the eyes of visitors to worship. this Chaozong terms
held wishful Guanyin jwasang as one of the Qing collection, 19 cm high, 12 cm wide. Cining Gong Qing Dynasty Empress Dowager Palace, residence apse "temple" was the Queen Mother, toffee their bowing of the hall for the original Matilda porcelain white porcelain Avalokitesvara.
Palace Museum artifacts, deputy director of Lvcheng Long introduction, this exhibition of Dehua kiln ancient porcelain white porcelain covered, colorful, blue and white, pastels and other types, of which five belong to the Qing collection, addition to Chaozong models held the the wishful GUANYIN, there Matilda of kiln the white glaze Chaozong models of Guanyin, Qing Dehua kiln white glaze statues of Matilda White Glaze plastic stickers Pan Chi pot and Matilda White Glaze ears Tripod type furnace.
Qing collection Dehua white porcelain especially the most famous Guanyin
"the Qing collection Dehua white porcelain, multi-use for the court religious activities in artifacts. "Said Miss Chen Lihua, vice president of the National Palace Museum, the Goddess of Mercy is the most famous in these Buddhist artifacts, especially in Germany. Unfortunately, most of the artifacts specific the Accession time and now is not known.
Ran Qing Dynasty emperors Buddhist religious activities as an important part of life at the court of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, whether the Emperor or Empress who regarded 4.15 Buddha worship as their own spiritual sustenance and ultimate destination of day. Forbidden City palace in the size of the temple a few blocks. Dehua porcelain firing statues class objects known as Buddhism with day-to-day or a palace furnished with Tibet in Qing Dynasty palace, it is an indisputable fact.
Yanshan vegetarian Diary "reads:" kiln built in Quanzhou, Fujian Dehua, the color of sweet white, different shades of cyan. Ancient porcelain thin categories must Song porcelain, crockery Pie mouth. The color black moisture with yellow spots, free true Bubble greater. Body thick, rare thin. Provided that the Buddha.
According to existing data and Treasury accounts statistics, the National Palace Museum collection is now in Dehua Guanyin artifacts 44, including 29 of the Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, 15. The main source of these collections Qing collection, procurement to solicit, receive donations for other units.
as the porcelain kilns representative Dehua kiln porcelain unique
180 million pieces of collections of the Palace Museum, the ancient ceramics only one accounted for about 350,000, about 330,000 of them belong to the Qing old collections. And the vast majority of the Qing old collections of the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty porcelain and porcelain firing palace of the Ming and Qing Jingdezhen Kilns () factory.
the National Palace Museum collection of Ming Dynasty porcelain Jingdezhen kiln firing, the rest of kilns products a lot, but to the formation of scale only Longquan kiln, Dehua kiln, Yixing kilns. "Said Miss Chen Lihua, vice president of the National Palace Museum, as the the Qing collection Ming Dynasty Dehua kiln porcelain, not only in large quantities, and boutique, has always been the subject of attention, as representatives of the kilns porcelain is unique.
Miss Chen Lihua said that the selection of the 25 Ming and Qing Dehua porcelain representative of a certain quality white porcelain body, shiny enamel all respects on behalf of Dehua porcelain highest level.
"they are national treasures, invaluable. Dehua Ceramics Museum curator the Zheng Jiongxin said. The exhibition, in addition to outside the two Goddess of Mercy Chaozong, there has ever been Avalokitesvara and the lad will worship Avalokitesvara. The Avalokitesvara facial characterization are very delicate, attracted many industry experts stop.
"live up to this line, each porcelain statue is a legend, in front of his house appreciation to the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing, the baby, is really worth it. "Mr. Mei side of the Fujian Provincial Museum, constantly pressed to move the camera shutter, while exchanges with colleagues.
the 200 folk treasure and the National Palace Museum blooming which 13 Chaozong boutique for hundreds of years to debut
In addition to the display of the 25 National Palace Museum Dehua porcelain, Dehua Ceramics Museum held at the same time Dehua kiln private collections Exhibition. Nearly 200 exhibitors Dehua kiln the ancient ancient porcelain treasures, set the return of many private collectors from home and abroad to spend lots of money auction Dehua kiln boutique, Ming and Qing Dynasties the famous Cisu, rare artifacts and blue and white ceramic, 13 Chaozong The boutique is the first time hundreds of years before the world debut.
, Dehua Ceramics Museum curator Zheng Jiongxin introduced in order to collect these collections, the relevant units a year in advance in preparing and has been the strong support of the Collectors Association.
exhibits here are not worse than the Forbidden City Dehua porcelain. "Mr. Lam Phi sit before the Goddess of Mercy in a Ming Dynasty could not bear to leave. He is a local ceramic sculpture, he felt Palace Exhibition private collectors exhibition environment Although they are not good, but good things are quite a lot, "Look at that demeanor, you see the clothes draped, great , too beautiful, there is difficult to replicate. "
It is reported that the National Palace Museum This not only brings exquisite Dehua porcelain, but also with the ancient Chinese Ceramic Society of Cultural Relics Bureau of Fujian Province Dehua County People's Government jointly organized the "2011 China Porcelain, Dehua kiln Symposium. " The various experts attending the meeting, enjoy the porcelain on porcelain of said kiln kiln jointly explore Dehua porcelain Millennium legend.
Marco Polo in his book, wrote: "and know the Erythrina near the city of a City, the name Diyun State, manufacturing bowl and porcelain, both the United States. In addition to Hong Kong, Hong Kong neither made this thing, the purchase price is very cheap. "Marco Polo referred to Di Cloud State is Dehua.
17th century, Dehua white porcelain kiln production across the oceans, to Europe. And it Resembling Marian GUANYIN, won the local favorite, Dehua porcelain rapidly popular in the European court and nobility. The Filipino call it "creamy white", the Japanese call it "porcelain browed, the French called it" China White ".
the shape of the Virgin Mary "GUANYIN" popular
"GUANYIN" Western Virgin Mary. of
According to Wen, the 17th century, the Dehua production GUANYIN like, via the Maritime Silk Road across the sea to reach Europe Netherlands, the local people see hugs baby, wearing a hoodie Guanyin like, once mistakenly thought it was the Virgin Mary, competing to buy home furnishings. British Victoria and Albert Museum curator of the Museum of Oriental Art in
the Liu Mingqian introduction, the reason why the Europeans "GUANYIN" loved their shape and faith, "Guanyin holding a baby, and Christian hugs very similar to the image of the Virgin Mary of the Son Jesus, so popular in Europe.
of Liu Mingqian bring a picture, you can see, 1655 Netherlands map illustration above, there is a SongZi Avalokitesvara.
porcelain is hard, fell to the ground broken, but it demonstrated that softness, like gathers, such as sea water, people unthinkable. "China's first private museum - View of the museum complex, founder and now curator Ma did not have to give the porcelain such a rating.
'China White' is not Dehua Dehua porcelain from the name, but the name of Europeans from the Chinese Dehua porcelain. From the curator of the Museum of Oriental Art in Paris, France Monique Dehua porcelain has a general favorite. Drink cups, placed decoration, very beautiful white porcelain from the 17th century, began to show his face in the European court and aristocratic life, many Europeans at home began to have Dehua porcelain white translucent color , so the name of 'white' slogan slowly, but then they do not know which city these porcelain from China. The Europeans spend lots of money to be customized value of
gold quite
"In fact, Europeans began to come to China to buy porcelain tea. Due the tea met porcelain, and buying the porcelain to the tea. "Curator Liu Mingqian said to them inside the museum collection of nearly 200 Dehua porcelain, porcelain mostly British collectors donated to the museum.
According to reports, at the beginning, "white" only until the European court and aristocratic home, but with the development of society, more and more Europeans know to understand and buy used "China White . " Later, Europeans also by virtue of their own preferences to customize the "China White" the Victoria museum Dehua porcelain there is a lot of is to add some gilded color processing. A few years ago, the Guangzhou Museum of Art at the "Nanhai One" the Song Dynasty salvage water Dehua kiln porcelain on display, also can see some a foreign flavor utility porcelain, such as "bell" large bowl, experts estimate that is Dehua kiln according to the special requirements of foreign markets. It is understood that the
the early Song Dynasty, Dehua porcelain has a large number of marketing to a foreign country. Channel of its exports, mainly by sea. Trade port of Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Minnesota, Hangzhou, Missouri was very prosperous. Thus, an important port of Quanzhou, Xiamen Port has become Dehua and Dutch ceramic trade.
1932, Feng and French in the status quo of Chinese Porcelain and its condition "," International Trade Herald wrote: "Song Dutch from Fujian (primarily refers to Quanzhou) trafficking porcelain to Europe, the value of each the gold equal, and there is a trend in short supply. Wuzi Mu said: "If you wish boats Pan foreign trading, from Quanzhou can go abroad. "Added:" If traveling abroad from of Quanzhou port to Dai Lantau door, you can point of view, to have a book released abroad over the sea, the pan to other countries also.
foreigner slogan "China White" at home everywhere hope regression The first white porcelain
since the birth of 1500, civilization was born here, and from there spread far and wide overseas.
"a large number of Chinese porcelain collection in European countries, a considerable number of 'white'. "Ancient Chinese Ceramics Research Association, Quanzhou Museum curator Chen Jianzhong said. The Dehua porcelain
originated in the Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty has been developed to the heyday of the Ming and Qing Dynasties can be described as the golden age of "China White". The Ming Dynasty Dehua kiln ivory porcelain created successfully, to put Dehua Porcelain improve the to a new peak. This white color, smooth and bright, white as creamy, pure and elegant, in the daylight map glaze hidden emerged pink, white or yellow teeth, which Filipinos call it "creamy white"; Japan is called & ldquo & ldquo; porcelain browed; China is called "lard white", "ivory", "milky" or "onion root white; French call ; China White "(Blancde chine) is the most appropriate, given Dehua white porcelain of the Ming Dynasty deeper and more perfect meaning, the history of ceramics in the world, the word" China White "will become Germany of white porcelain conventional terminology.
established in the mid-19th century Franks Art Museum can check the type and property, the British Museum, "China White" initially 175 specimens, of which a large portion of a replica.
many foreign museum good 'white' is not out to exhibit the hide. "A few days ago, come to visit the Forbidden City Dehua porcelain Mr Wong said. According to reports, the headquarters of the Swedish Kilbane Art Museum is one of the world's leading private art museum, the museum of "China White" is a very good save.
"In addition, in the Netherlands and Russia also have 'white' figure. The largest Germanic Museum collections, the experiences of the ups and downs. Related scholars said. The museum is the world collection of "China White" the largest number of more than 500, of course, there are many reproductions, but this gallery to help research dating "China White" has a very important significance.
"In fact, we have been committed to the the Dehua porcelain return to work. "Dehua, the official said, such as" Nanhai One "Song found on board Dehua porcelain, pre collected work is not yet finalized, but there have been so that the idea of Dehua porcelain return. Speaking of porcelain
, it can not fail to mention the kiln, porcelain is shining brilliantly conceived by earth and fire, and the "womb" of the kiln is porcelain, porcelain mother. the Dehua kiln
thousands of years, the fire is not put out the continuation of the endless history of porcelain. And its unique structure, the firing skills self-contained, superior quality, known as the "representative" of the Chinese kilns, the unique class kiln (also known as Dehua kiln, improvement comes from the dragon kiln) is Japan "string kiln ancestor. According to archaeological research, so far, Germany has found 329 ancient ceramic kiln, dating from the Western Zhou Zhiqing generation of porcelain history spanning 3,000 years.
dragon kiln rise thousands of years kiln fire red
in the Dehua folk, dragon kiln, called Janome kiln "or" Snake Kiln, it is also the first type of kiln ancient the Dehua kiln firing porcelain main. , Dehua
dragon kiln, kiln, kiln room, kiln, kiln set the fire chamber, the kiln chamber in a number of mesh (section), the ladder channel on both sides put the kiln door number, as the products channel. Each section on both sides of the kiln wall at vote firewood holes (eyes of fire), arranged symmetrically. -Kiln inlet baffle wall, put at the bottom of the wall through the smoke hole, set of pyrotechnic Lane, commonly known as the chimney wall, three meters high, 0.4 meters wide, length depending on the kiln. Using a ramp height differential, the principles of the natural increase in the flame, the full use of waste heat. According Dehua porcelain Zhi "contains the
dragon kilns of Dehua in the Late Tang Dynasty had already appeared, at first furnace is narrow and short, length 20 meters. To the Northern Song Dynasty, the dragon kiln kiln body widening and lengthening, about 30 meters. Southern Song Dynasty, the kiln to further broaden and increase the length, sanded the bottom of the kiln. The Dehua
dragon kiln is not GUANYAO The dragon kiln, its shape, the reason for the name. This kiln structure, generally depending on the mountain slopes built from the bottom up, the shape of a dragon fell from the sky, are also deemed winding hillside Hydra, hence the dragon kiln by locals aptly called "Snake Kiln . " Dehua kiln,
rise, put their own practical and beautiful products dedicated to the world, leaving a deep imprint on the the long ancient "Marine Silk Road". From the cultural relics department, the Dehua kiln really flourished, starting from the late Northern Song to the Southern Song Dynasty medium-term. Yuan Dynasty Dehua porcelain is not only well known overseas as a tribute to board for formal occasions. the dragon kilns improved Xuannv Tuomeng
beautiful legend
within the in Dehua progenitor Yonggungsa, enshrines one is regarded as the "the kiln Square public", he improved the dragon kiln, making the kiln broaden and promote the production. About his legend, still is widely circulated - According to legend
the Song Chaoshao Holy Year, the shortage of export porcelain of Dehua, a man named Lin Bing kiln workers to meet the needs of the development of Porcelain, the first attempt to arch large kiln, but Repeated repeated collapse. 1st
Lin Bing sat before the collapse of the kiln brood, sleepy, dream of a beautiful fairy bare breasts and the raised big belly, vomit smoke floating in the air from the air. Lin Bing To the front salute ask, fairies are silent, hidden. Wake up, Lin Bing fairy implied, masonry arch round dome of the main kiln chamber (convex abdomen), both sides of the puzzle milk kiln (cleavage), build kilns Hang pull flame smoke spit fog, actually did not expect immediate success, not only greatly increased the number of porcelain, firing porcelain quality is much better than before. years
Southern Song Dynasty, this make the kiln technology spread to Japan, and now in Japan Jinnan still preserved relatively intact Dehua kiln. Descendants to Ji Nianxuan woman pointing, the sculpture Xuannv like a palace enshrined called "Xuannv Palace" Lin Bing known as "kiln Square public.
dragon kiln fade improved technology to protect the environment "as early as dating from 1300 to 1200, the Dehua Jiuxianshan vegetation occurs a change. "Recently, a scholar talked about the kiln the development of the environmental impact. After the study survey that, precisely because of the Dehua kilns prosperity lead to a large number of trees being felled for refining porcelain, therefore the Jiuxian the vegetation began to transform Masson pine shrub plants. after the evolution of history, the
ceramic kilns also will be changed dramatically, but most of them are high energy consumption, high pollution kiln-shaped, not "eat firewood tiger", "pollution culprit.
1982, the CPC Central Committee General Secretary Hu Yaobang to inspection Dehua Dehua with firewood Porcelain enough science, a waste of resources, the cost is also high, stressed: "The loans run electricity to power Daichai , to protect the forest, makeover as soon as possible. The Dehua
immediately set off a the hydropower construction boom, and electric furnace series of research, testing to promote scientific and technological personnel. Oil furnace from the wood-fired kiln, coal kiln, gas kiln kiln, gas kiln gradual transition to development. In recent years, the Dehua natural gas, electricity and other fuel fired porcelain. "That is, in the last three four years, Jiuxianshan vegetation began to change, this time to the right direction. Kiln technology advances for the local environment, future development is beneficial. the
lung ceramic tracing Today only a porcelain the
was important in the history of the Millennium porcelain of Dehua porcelain the Si Bin Village, the town of three shifts, Nanling kiln is one-stop kiln, the exercises had Fangcaoqiqi.
a kiln fire red 500 years, the Nanling kilns porcelain production continued variety, quality, a huge number. Its products are mainly a variety of bowls, plates, pots, and so on. Their production for export porcelain, one of the Ming and Qing porcelain export source, in addition to exported to all over the continent, but also exported to Southeast Asia, Middle East, Europe and other places.
"In the past, here are whole kilns 14 years old, I come here to learn the chain blank. Was a total of 27 dragon kiln, every day sixty-seven burning kiln smoke. "Has been in Nanling kiln when the kiln exercises had been to a ripe old age, Yan uncle said. It is reported that three to four decades of the last century, the Nanling kiln shed row upon row. The when the Dehua population less than 50,000 people, and there are thousands of people who work here. According to local villagers recalled, after the founding of New China, the the Nanling kiln sixties and seventies private owners do kilns.
1970, Porcelain forced to stop production. The Nanling kiln in the kiln fire red 500 years after its historic mission to an abrupt end, and has since become a waste site. It is understood that the
also fired porcelain dragon kiln, and CD to stay three shifts Cai town Keng Village Yueji kiln. May Hutchison kiln in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is famous kilns flourished 400 years kiln fire is not put out, fired porcelain as early as in the Ming and Qing Dynasties had been sold at home and abroad, it is still the most primitive process of firing porcelain.